The first country to approve a vaccine against Coronavirus Disease is Russia which is named Sputnik V. The vaccine was established in Moscow, Russia by the Gamaleya National Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology. Sputnik V is based on two adenovirus vectors. The approval of it was announced by the President of Russia, Vladimir Putin. He stated that he knows that the vaccine works somewhat efficiently. It has gone through all the needed tests and supports the development of strong immunity. Conversely, there are concerns that the approval is premature.

The phase 1 and phase 2 results have been published in all 76 participants and made a strong immune reaction. The results were available to the Russian Ministry of Health. However, for regulators like the European Medicines Agency and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the immune response data alone would not generally be a sufficient basis for approving the vaccine. They stated that the immune response may not be openly proportional to the degree of protection. They added that it could only be found in a large-scale trial. It is not yet clear whether the vaccine is effective, safe, or will work. However, it was tested and given to the daughter of President Putin. The result was that she felt well and the concentration of antibodies is high.

If Sputnik V will not work on results in some kind of unexpected adverse occurrence in the phase 3 trial, it might affect the public perception of the vaccine process. Additionally, an ineffective product can worsen the pandemic and those who received the vaccine could stop taking safety measures against constricting the Coronavirus Disease. On the other hand, Russia might delay vaccinating its overall population. It may be until it has received some favorable results from the phase 3 trial. The declaration of approval of Sputnik V might aggregate to a political gesture instead of a serious attempt to avoid the development of the vaccine. The FDA has agreed that the vaccine for Coronavirus Disease must be at least 50% effective. Sputnik V may well meet this criterion. The FDA added that it is not certainly recommended for any vaccine to be used before it has been through proper testing. It is to determine whether the immune response it produces is protective and there are no sudden opposing proceedings.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there were 9 vaccine candidates in late-stage trials. These involved separate adenovirus vector vaccines, several inactivated virus vaccines, and a couple of mRNA vaccines. In the earlier stages of evaluation, there are plenty of vaccine candidates. Experts were confident that at least one of those candidates will be successful.

Vaccine Candidates

• Adenovirus vaccine
• RNA vaccine
• Inactivated pathogen
• DNA vaccine
• Viral proteins

These vaccines already went to different clinical trials. However, in August, the story broke that Russia is claiming to have a fully developed COVID-19 Vaccine. Wherein, the President of the country is already claiming that their vaccine will work to fight the coronavirus.